雅思考试阅读材料：科学家解答为什么早上不想起床

2022-05-20 环球教育

　　Most of us love a good lie-in on the weekends. But for some people, getting out of bed each morning is a daily struggle that can disrupt their lives。

　　我们大部分人都喜欢在周末睡个懒觉，但是对于一些人来说，每天早上最受折磨的就是挣扎着从床上爬起来。

　　Now, researchers believe they have found out why some people struggle to sleep at night and reach for the snooze button in the morning - their body clocks are set too slow。

　　为什么有些人尽量早睡就为了能早起，现在，研究人员认为他们找到了原因，就是因为他们的生物钟被设置得太慢了。

　　A team from Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia, are investigating delayed sleep phase disorder, which is characterised by a persistent inability to fall asleep and wake at a conventional time。

　　澳大利亚阿德莱德弗林德斯大学的一个研究小组调查研究了睡眠期失调遭推迟，其特征就是迟迟无法入睡无法按时醒来。

　　Struggle to wake up for work? Your internal body clock may be out of sync

　　挣扎着起床上班?生物钟与生活节奏不同步

　　It affects up to 15 per cent of teenagers but can be a life-long condition。

　　这一现象影响了15%的青少年但这种情况不会终身伴随的。

　　Study leader, Professor Leon Lack, said initial results showed that the internal body clocks, of those with the disorder ran slower than average。

　　此项研究的牵头人利昂·兰克说，初步的研究结果表明身体内部时钟失调相对平均时钟慢了一些。

　　'Late sleepers can’t get to sleep until 2am or 3am at the earliest, or in some cases as late as 4am, which makes it very hard for them to get up for their commitments the next day,' he said。

　　晚睡的人到了凌晨两三点才睡，有些晚睡的人甚至到了凌晨四点才睡，对于他们而言很难保证第二天按时起床。

　　'We’ve been investigating what causes people to be late sleepers and one of the most plausible explanations we’re perusing is that their body clocks run longer than 24 hours。

　　我们已经调查研究了什么原因导致总有晚睡的人，其中一个貌似合理的解释就是他们的生物钟长于24小时。

　　'Most people have a 24-hour body clock, it’s a natural rhythm that influences sleepiness and core body temperature but for people with delayed sleep phase disorder it takes longer to complete the cycle so they tend to go to bed later and wake up later.'

　　大部分人的时钟是24小时，但对于晚睡的人而言，自然节奏影响了睡意和体温，睡眠期失调遭推迟要花很长时间才能完成这个周期，因此他们倾向晚睡晚起。

　　Circadian rhythms are followed by most living things and follow a daily cycle that are governed by our internal body clocks. They influence sleep and wake cycles, body temperature and the release of hormones。

　　生理节奏受我们身体内部生物钟的生活和日常规律支配。他们影响睡眠和清醒周期、体温、荷尔蒙的释放。

　　They can be affected by environmental factors, such as light levels, and so disrupted by flying across time zones and working night shifts。

　　他们受环境因素影响，例如光亮度、飞行时差、晚班工作。

　　Professor Lack said wider tests with a larger population would now need to be conducted to confirm the findings。

　　兰克教授说对较大一个人群进行了广泛试验，现在需要确认这些研究结果。

　　'If we establish what we’re expecting to find it will reinforce therapies that we know can help, such as bright light therapy to induce alertness in the mornings and melatonin to encourage earlier evening sleepiness,' he said。

　　如果我们所期望的结果能成立的话，那么找到加强疗法是会有帮助作用的，例如明光疗法来引导早上清醒，褪黑素有助于晚上早睡，他说。

　　'Exposing people to a bright light as early in the day as possible informs the body clock that it should be awake so therefore they fall asleep and wake up earlier on subsequent nights.'

　　人们白天尽早暴露在明光环境下，提醒生物钟该清醒了，因此他们的身体逐渐就调整到了早睡早起的状态

　　He said it was imperative to find a cause of the condition as it affected so many people。

　　他说找出这种现象的原因势在必行，因为影响了如此多的人。

　　'It causes young people to be late for school and when they do get to school they’re inattentive until their body clock finally wakes up。

　　这种现象导致学生上学迟到，即使到了学校他们也是不清醒的，只有生物钟清醒了才能彻底清醒。

　　'Adults can also have trouble holding down jobs because they’re always running late for work so it does have a detrimental effect on lives,' he said。

　　成年人在早上上班时也存在这种现象，总是上班迟到，因此对生活影响不利，他说。

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